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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Labialization</span></span>
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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Lip rounding" redirects here. For the lip rounding of vowels, see <a href="Roundedness" title="Roundedness">Roundedness</a>.</div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about labial rounding. For internal rounding, see <a href="Sulcalization" title="Sulcalization">sulcalization</a>.</div>
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</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 16em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #f2f2ce;">Labialized (spread lips)</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ffffe6;"><span style="font-size: 5em; line-height: 1.2em; vertical-align: super; font-weight: normal;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">◌ᵝ</span></span></th></tr></tbody></table>
<table class="infobox" style="width: 16em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #f2f2ce;">Labial(-velar)ized with protrusion (rounded lips)</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ffffe6;"><span style="font-size: 5em; line-height: 1.2em; vertical-align: super; font-weight: normal;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">◌ʷ</span></span></th></tr></tbody></table>
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</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile" style="width:18em;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ccccff;padding: 0.3em; font-size: 120%;"><a href="Sound_change" title="Sound change">Sound change</a> and <a href="Alternation_(linguistics)" title="Alternation (linguistics)">alternation</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Metathesis_(linguistics)" title="Metathesis (linguistics)">Metathesis</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist">
<ul><li><a href="Quantitative_metathesis" title="Quantitative metathesis">Quantitative metathesis</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Lenition" title="Lenition">Lenition</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist">
<ul><li><a href="Consonant_gradation" title="Consonant gradation">Consonant gradation</a></li>
<li><a href="Consonant_voicing_and_devoicing" title="Consonant voicing and devoicing">Consonant voicing and devoicing</a></li>
<li><a href="Assibilation" title="Assibilation">Assibilation</a></li>
<li><a href="Spirantization" class="mw-redirect" title="Spirantization">Spirantization</a></li>
<li><a href="L-vocalization" title="L-vocalization">L-vocalization</a></li>
<li><a href="Debuccalization" title="Debuccalization">Debuccalization</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;">
<a href="Fortition" title="Fortition">Fortition</a></td>
</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Epenthesis" title="Epenthesis">Epenthesis</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist">
<ul><li><a href="Prothesis_(linguistics)" title="Prothesis (linguistics)">Prothesis</a></li>
<li><a href="Paragoge" title="Paragoge">Paragoge</a></li>
<li><a href="Unpacking_(linguistics)" title="Unpacking (linguistics)">Unpacking</a></li>
<li><a href="Vowel_breaking" title="Vowel breaking">Vowel breaking</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Elision" title="Elision">Elision</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist">
<ul><li><a href="Apheresis_(linguistics)" title="Apheresis (linguistics)">Apheresis</a></li>
<li><a href="Syncope_(phonology)" title="Syncope (phonology)">Syncope</a></li>
<li><a href="Apocope" title="Apocope">Apocope</a></li>
<li><a href="Haplology" title="Haplology">Haplology</a></li>
<li><a href="Cluster_reduction" title="Cluster reduction">Cluster reduction</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Transphonologization" title="Transphonologization">Transphonologization</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist">
<ul><li><a href="Compensatory_lengthening" title="Compensatory lengthening">Compensatory lengthening</a></li>
<li><a href="Nasalization" title="Nasalization">Nasalization</a></li>
<li><a href="Tone_(linguistics)#Origin" title="Tone (linguistics)">Tonogenesis</a></li>
<li><a href="Floating_tone" title="Floating tone">Floating tone</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Assimilation_(phonology)" title="Assimilation (phonology)">Assimilation</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist">
<ul><li><a href="Fusion_(phonetics)" title="Fusion (phonetics)">Fusion</a></li>
<li><a href="Coarticulation" title="Coarticulation">Coarticulation</a></li>
<li><a href="Palatalization_(sound_change)" title="Palatalization (sound change)">Palatalization</a></li>
<li><a href="Velarization" title="Velarization">Velarization</a></li>
<li><a href="Final-obstruent_devoicing" title="Final-obstruent devoicing">Final devoicing</a></li>
<li><a href="Metaphony" title="Metaphony">Metaphony</a> (<a href="Vowel_harmony" title="Vowel harmony">vowel harmony</a>, <a href="I-mutation" title="I-mutation">umlaut</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Consonant_harmony" title="Consonant harmony">Consonant harmony</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;">
<a href="Dissimilation" title="Dissimilation">Dissimilation</a></td>
</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Sandhi" title="Sandhi">Sandhi</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist">
<ul><li><a href="Liaison_(French)" title="Liaison (French)">Liaison</a>, <a href="Linking_and_intrusive_R" title="Linking and intrusive R">linking R</a></li>
<li><a href="Consonant_mutation" title="Consonant mutation">Consonant mutation</a></li>
<li><a href="Tone_sandhi" title="Tone sandhi">Tone sandhi</a></li>
<li><a href="Vowel_hiatus" title="Vowel hiatus">Vowel hiatus</a></li></ul>
<div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; padding-right: 1em;"><a href="Synalepha" title="Synalepha">Synalepha</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;">
<ul><li><a href="Elision" title="Elision">Elision</a></li>
<li><a href="Crasis" title="Crasis">Crasis</a></li>
<li><a href="Synaeresis" title="Synaeresis">Synaeresis</a> and <a href="Diaeresis_(prosody)" title="Diaeresis (prosody)">diaeresis</a></li>
<li><a href="Synizesis" title="Synizesis">Synizesis</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Other types</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist">
<ul><li><a href="Apophony" title="Apophony">Apophony</a></li>
<li><a href="Affrication" class="mw-redirect" title="Affrication">Affrication</a></li>
<li><a href="Gemination" title="Gemination">Gemination</a></li>
<li><a href="Clipping_(phonetics)" title="Clipping (phonetics)">Clipping</a></li>
<li><a href="Fronting_(sound_change)" title="Fronting (sound change)">Fronting</a></li>
<li><a href="Raising_(sound_change)" title="Raising (sound change)">Raising</a></li>
<li><a href="Betacism" title="Betacism">Betacism</a></li>
<li><a href="Iotacism" title="Iotacism">Iotacism</a></li>
<li><a href="Fusion_(phonetics)" title="Fusion (phonetics)">Fusion</a></li>
<li><a href="Phonological_change#Merger" title="Phonological change">Merger</a></li>
<li><a href="Compensatory_lengthening" title="Compensatory lengthening">Compensatory lengthening</a></li>
<li><a href="Monophthongization" title="Monophthongization">Monophthongization</a></li>
<li><a href="Rhotacism" title="Rhotacism">Rhotacism</a></li>
<li><a href="Rhinoglottophilia" title="Rhinoglottophilia">Rhinoglottophilia</a></li>
<li><a href="Sulcalization" title="Sulcalization">Sulcalization</a></li>
<li><a href="Shm-reduplication" title="Shm-reduplication">Shm-reduplication</a></li>
<li><a href="Consonant_mutation" title="Consonant mutation">Consonant mutation</a></li>
<li><a href="Vowel_shift" title="Vowel shift">Vowel shift</a></li>
<li><a href="Chain_shift" title="Chain shift">Chain shift</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
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<p><b>Labialization</b> is a <a href="Secondary_articulation" title="Secondary articulation">secondary articulatory</a> feature of sounds in some languages. Labialized sounds involve the lips while the remainder of the <a href="Human_mouth" title="Human mouth">oral cavity</a> produces another sound. The term is normally restricted to <a href="Consonant" title="Consonant">consonants</a>. When vowels involve the lips, they are called <a href="Roundedness" title="Roundedness">rounded</a>.
</p><p>The most common labialized consonants are <a href="Labialized_velar_consonant" title="Labialized velar consonant">labialized velars</a>. Most other labialized sounds also have simultaneous <a href="Velarization" title="Velarization">velarization</a>, and the process may then be more precisely called <b>labio-velarization</b>. The "labialization" of bilabial consonants often refers to <b>protrusion</b> instead of a secondary articulatory feature <a href="Velarization" title="Velarization">velarization</a>. <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[pʷ]</span> doesn't mean <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[pˠ]</span> although <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[w]</span> refers to a <a href="Labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Labial–velar approximant">labial–velar approximant</a>.
</p><p>In <a href="Phonology" title="Phonology">phonology</a>, labialization may also refer to a type of <a href="Assimilation_(linguistics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Assimilation (linguistics)">assimilation</a> process.
</p>
<meta property="mw:PageProp/toc">
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Occurrence">Occurrence</h2></div>
<p>Labialization is the most widespread secondary articulation in the world's languages. It is phonemically contrastive in <a href="Northwest_Caucasian_languages" title="Northwest Caucasian languages">Northwest Caucasian</a> (e.g. <a href="Adyghe_language" title="Adyghe language">Adyghe</a>), <a href="Athabaskan_languages" title="Athabaskan languages">Athabaskan</a>, and <a href="Salishan_languages" title="Salishan languages">Salishan</a> <a href="Language_family" title="Language family">language families</a>, among others. This contrast is reconstructed also for <a href="Proto-Indo-European_language" title="Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a>, the common ancestor of the <a href="Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European languages</a>; and it survives in <a href="Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> and some <a href="Romance_languages" title="Romance languages">Romance languages</a>. It is also found in the <a href="Cushitic_languages" title="Cushitic languages">Cushitic</a> and <a href="Ethiopian_Semitic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethiopian Semitic languages">Ethio-Semitic</a> languages.
</p><p><a href="American_English" title="American English">American English</a> labializes <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/r,<span class="wrap"> </span>ʃ,<span class="wrap"> </span>ʒ,<span class="wrap"> </span>tʃ,<span class="wrap"> </span>dʒ/</span> to various degrees.
</p><p>A few languages, including <a href="Arrernte_language" title="Arrernte language">Arrernte</a> and <a href="Mba_language" title="Mba language">Mba</a>, have contrastive labialized forms for almost all of their consonants.
</p><p>In many <a href="Salishan_languages" title="Salishan languages">Salishan languages</a>, such as <a href="Klallam_language" title="Klallam language">Klallam</a>, velar consonants only occur in their labialized forms (except /k/, which occurs in some loanwords). However, uvular consonants occur abundantly labialized and unrounded.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2></div>
<table class="infobox" style="width: 16em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #f2f2ce;">Open-labialized</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ffffe6;"><span style="font-size: 5em; line-height: 1.2em; vertical-align: super; font-weight: normal;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">◌ꟹ</span></span></th></tr></tbody></table>
<table class="infobox" style="width: 16em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #f2f2ce;">Labiodentalization</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ffffe6;"><span style="font-size: 5em; line-height: 1.2em; vertical-align: super; font-weight: normal;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">◌ᶹ</span></span></th></tr></tbody></table>
<p>Out of 706 language inventories surveyed by <a href="#CITEREFRuhlen1976">Ruhlen (1976)</a>, labialization occurred most often with <a href="Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant">velar</a> (42%) and <a href="Uvular_consonant" title="Uvular consonant">uvular</a> (15%) segments and least often with <a href="Dental_consonant" title="Dental consonant">dental</a> and <a href="Alveolar_consonant" title="Alveolar consonant">alveolar</a> segments. With non-dorsal consonants, labialization may include <a href="Velarization" title="Velarization">velarization</a> as well. Labialization is not restricted to lip-rounding. The following articulations have either been described as labialization or been found as <a href="Allophone" title="Allophone">allophonic</a> realizations of prototypical labialization:
</p>
<ul><li>Labiodental frication, found in <a href="Abkhaz_language" title="Abkhaz language">Abkhaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-ARA_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Labiodentalization is a common idiosyncrasy of English <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/s/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/z/</span>, and especially of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/r/</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Complete bilabial closure, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[d͡b,<span class="wrap"> </span>t͡p,<span class="wrap"> </span>t͡pʼ]</span>, found in Abkhaz and <a href="Ubykh_language" title="Ubykh language">Ubykh</a><sup id="cite_ref-ARA_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>"Labialization" (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/w/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɡʷ/</span>, and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/kʷ/</span>) without noticeable rounding (protrusion) of the lips, found in the <a href="Iroquoian_languages" title="Iroquoian languages">Iroquoian languages</a>. It may be that they are <a href="Roundedness" title="Roundedness">compressed</a>.</li>
<li>Rounding without velarization, found in <a href="Shona_language" title="Shona language">Shona</a> and in the <a href="Bzyb_dialect" title="Bzyb dialect">Bzyb dialect</a> of <a href="Abkhaz_language" title="Abkhaz language">Abkhaz</a>.</li></ul>
<p><a href="Eastern_Arrernte" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Arrernte">Eastern Arrernte</a> has labialization at all <a href="Place_of_articulation" title="Place of articulation">places</a> and <a href="Manner_of_articulation" title="Manner of articulation">manners of articulation</a>; this derives historically from adjacent rounded vowels, as is also the case of the <a href="Northwest_Caucasian_languages" title="Northwest Caucasian languages">Northwest Caucasian languages</a>. <a href="Marshallese_language" title="Marshallese language">Marshallese</a> also has phonemic labialization as a <a href="Secondary_articulation" title="Secondary articulation">secondary articulation</a> at all places of articulation except for <a href="Labial_consonant" title="Labial consonant">labial consonants</a> and <a href="Coronal_consonant" title="Coronal consonant">coronal</a> <a href="Obstruent_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Obstruent consonant">obstruents</a>.
</p><p>In North America, languages from a number of families have sounds that sound labialized (and vowels that sound rounded) without the participation of the lips. See <a href="Tillamook_language" title="Tillamook language">Tillamook language</a> for an example.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prelabialization">Prelabialization</h3></div>
<p>In <a href="Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a>, sounds can be prelabialized. Furthermore, the change is phonemic and all phonemes have prelabialized pairs (though not all of their allophones can have pairs). Compare <i lang="sl"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/stati#Slovene" class="extiw external" title="wikt:stati">stati</a></i> 'stand' <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈs̪t̪àːt̪í]</span> and <i lang="sl"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vstati#Slovene" class="extiw external" title="wikt:vstati">vstati</a></i> 'stand up' <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈʷs̪t̪àːt̪í]</span>. The prelabialization part, however, is usually not considered as being part of the same phoneme as prelabialized sound, but rather as an allophone of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ʋ/</span> as it changes depending on the environment, e. g. <i lang="sl"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vzeti#Slovene" class="extiw external" title="wikt:vzeti">vzeti</a></i> 'take' <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈʷz̪èːt̪í]</span> and <i lang="sl"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/povzeti#Slovene" class="extiw external" title="wikt:povzeti">povzeti</a></i> 'summarize' <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[pou̯ˈz̪èːt̪í]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See <a href="Slovene_phonology" title="Slovene phonology">Slovene phonology</a> for more details.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transcription">Transcription</h2></div>
<p>In the <a href="International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a>, labialization of velar consonants is indicated with a raised w modifier <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʷ]</span> (<a href="Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> U+02B7), as in <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/kʷ/</span>. (Elsewhere this diacritic generally indicates simultaneous labialization and velarization.) There are also diacritics, respectively <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɔ̹],<span class="wrap"> </span>[ɔ̜]</span>, to indicate greater or lesser degrees of rounding.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These are normally used with vowels but may occur with consonants. For example, in the <a href="Athabaskan_languages" title="Athabaskan languages">Athabaskan language</a> <a href="Hupa_language" title="Hupa language">Hupa</a>, <a href="Voiceless_velar_fricative" title="Voiceless velar fricative">voiceless velar fricatives</a> distinguish three degrees of labialization, transcribed either <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/x/,<span class="wrap"> </span>/x̹/,<span class="wrap"> </span>/xʷ/</span> or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/x/,<span class="wrap"> </span>/x̜ʷ/,<span class="wrap"> </span>/xʷ/</span>.
</p><p>The <a href="Extensions_to_the_IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Extensions to the IPA">extensions to the IPA</a> has two additional symbols for degrees of rounding: Spread <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɹ͍]</span> and open-rounded <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʒꟹ]</span> (as in English). It also has a symbol for <a href="Labiodental_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Labiodental approximant">labiodentalized</a> sounds, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tᶹ]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>If precision is desired, the Abkhaz and Ubykh articulations may be transcribed with the appropriate fricative or trill raised as a diacritic: <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tᵛ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tᵝ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t<sup>ʙ</sup>]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tᵖ]</span>.
</p><p>For simple labialization, <a href="#CITEREFLadefogedMaddieson1996">Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996)</a> resurrected an old IPA symbol, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ̫]</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which would be placed above a letter with a descender such as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɡ</span>. However, their chief example is Shona <i>sv</i> and <i>zv,</i> which they transcribe <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/s̫/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/z̫/</span> but which actually seem to be <a href="Whistled_sibilant" class="mw-redirect" title="Whistled sibilant">whistled sibilants</a>, without necessarily being labialized.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another possibility is to use the IPA diacritic for rounding, distinguishing for example the labialization in English <i>soon</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[s̹]</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[sʷ]</span> <i>swoon</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The open rounding of English <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ʃ/</span> is also unvelarized.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Assimilation">Assimilation</h2></div>
<p>Labialization also refers to a specific type of assimilatory process where a given sound become labialized due to the influence of neighboring labial sounds. For example, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/k/</span> may become <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/kʷ/</span> in the environment of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/o/</span>, or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/</span> may become <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/o/</span> in the environment of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/p/</span> or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/kʷ/</span>.
</p><p>In the <a href="Northwest_Caucasian_languages" title="Northwest Caucasian languages">Northwest Caucasian languages</a> as well as some <a href="Australian_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian languages">Australian languages</a> rounding has shifted from the vowels to the consonants, producing a wide range of labialized consonants and leaving in some cases only two phonemic vowels. This appears to have been the case in Ubykh and <a href="Eastern_Arrernte" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Arrernte">Eastern Arrernte</a>, for example. The labial vowel sounds usually still remain, but only as allophones next to the now-labial consonant sounds.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_labialized_consonants">List of labialized consonants</h2></div>
<table class="wikitable">
<caption>
</caption>
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="2">type
</th>
<th width="28%"><a href="Phone_(phonetics)" title="Phone (phonetics)">Phone</a>
</th>
<th>IPA
</th>
<th>Languages
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="13">Stops
</td>
<td rowspan="11">plain
</td>
<td>protruded <a href="Voiceless_bilabial_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless bilabial stop">voiceless bilabial stop</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/3f\/Labialized_voiceless_bilabial_plosive.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_bilabial_plosive.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[p\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless bilabial plosive.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/Labialized_voiceless_bilabial_plosive.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_bilabial_plosive.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[pʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Chaha, <a href="Ibaloi_language" title="Ibaloi language">Ibaloi</a>, Paha
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>protruded <a href="Voiced_bilabial_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced bilabial stop">voiced bilabial stop</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/c\/c3\/Labialized_voiced_bilabial_plosive.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_bilabial_plosive.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[b\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced bilabial plosive.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Labialized_voiced_bilabial_plosive.ogg/Labialized_voiced_bilabial_plosive.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[bʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Chaha, <a href="Ibaloi_language" title="Ibaloi language">Ibaloi</a>, Paha, <a href="Mayo_language" title="Mayo language">Mayo</a>, <a href="Yaqui_language" title="Yaqui language">Yaqui</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_alveolar_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar stop">voiceless alveolar stop</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-3" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/2f\/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_plosive.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_plosive.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[t\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless alveolar plosive.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_plosive.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_plosive.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Archi_language" title="Archi language">Archi</a>, <a href="Abkhaz_language" title="Abkhaz language">Abkhaz</a>, <a href="Lao_language" title="Lao language">Lao</a>, <a href="Paha_language" title="Paha language">Paha</a>, <a href="Ubykh_language" title="Ubykh language">Ubykh</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_alveolar_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar stop">voiced alveolar stop</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-4" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/ff\/Labialized_voiced_alveolar_plosive.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_alveolar_plosive.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[d\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced alveolar plosive.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/Labialized_voiced_alveolar_plosive.ogg/Labialized_voiced_alveolar_plosive.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[dʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Archi, Abkhaz, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_velar_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless velar stop">voiceless velar stop</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-5" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/6\/62\/Labialized_voiceless_velar_plosive.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_velar_plosive.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[k\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless velar plosive.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/Labialized_voiceless_velar_plosive.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_velar_plosive.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[kʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Abaza_language" title="Abaza language">Abaza</a>, <a href="Abkhaz_language" title="Abkhaz language">Abkhaz</a>, <a href="Adyghe_language" title="Adyghe language">Adyghe</a>, <a href="Halkomelem" title="Halkomelem">Halkomelem</a>, <a href="Kabardian_language" title="Kabardian language">Kabardian</a>, Taos, Chipewyan, Hadza, Gwichʼin, Tlingit, <a href="Akan_language" title="Akan language">Akan</a>, Nez Perce, Archi, <a href="Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a>, Wariʼ, <a href="Chaha_language" title="Chaha language">Chaha</a>, <a href="Dahalo_language" title="Dahalo language">Dahalo</a>, <a href="Hausa_language" title="Hausa language">Hausa</a>, <a href="Igala_language" title="Igala language">Igala</a>, <a href="Igbo_language" title="Igbo language">Igbo</a>, Lao, <a href="Latin_phonology" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin phonology">Latin</a>, <a href="Nahuatl" title="Nahuatl">Nahuatl</a>, <a href="Nawat_language" title="Nawat language">Nawat</a>, <a href="Okinawan_language" title="Okinawan language">Okinawan</a>, <a href="Ossetian_language" title="Ossetian language">Ossetic</a>, Paha, <a href="Portuguese_phonology" title="Portuguese phonology">Portuguese</a>, <a href="Thai_language" title="Thai language">Thai</a>, <a href="Tigrinya_language" title="Tigrinya language">Tigrinya</a>, <a href="Hiw_language" title="Hiw language">Hiw</a>, Ubykh, <a href="Slavey_language" title="Slavey language">Bearlake Slavey</a>, <a href="Breton_language" title="Breton language">Breton</a>, <a href="Gothic_language" title="Gothic language">Gothic</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_velar_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced velar stop">voiced velar stop</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-6" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/4\/4c\/Labialized_voiced_velar_plosive.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_velar_plosive.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0261\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced velar plosive.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/Labialized_voiced_velar_plosive.ogg/Labialized_voiced_velar_plosive.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɡʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Abaza_language" title="Abaza language">Abaza</a>, <a href="Abkhaz_language" title="Abkhaz language">Abkhaz</a>, Adyghe, Akan, Archi, Chaha, Dahalo, Hausa, Okinawan, Oowekyala, Ossetic, Hadza, <a href="Ibaloi_language" title="Ibaloi language">Ibaloi</a>, Igala, Igbo, Gwichʼin, Kabardian, Paha, Portuguese, Tigrinya, Ubykh, <a href="Breton_language" title="Breton language">Breton</a>, <a href="Yoruba_language" title="Yoruba language">Yoruba</a>, <a href="Gothic_language" title="Gothic language">Gothic</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_uvular_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless uvular stop">voiceless uvular stop</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-7" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/52\/Labialized_voiceless_uvular_plosive.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_uvular_plosive.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[q\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless uvular plosive.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Labialized_voiceless_uvular_plosive.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_uvular_plosive.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[qʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Abaza_language" title="Abaza language">Abaza</a>, <a href="Abkhaz_language" title="Abkhaz language">Abkhaz</a>, Adyghe, Kabardian, Ossetic, Paha, Tlingit, Nez Perce, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> pharyngealized <a href="Voiceless_uvular_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless uvular stop">voiceless uvular stop</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[qˤʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Archi_language" title="Archi language">Archi</a>, <a href="Ubykh_language" title="Ubykh language">Ubykh</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_uvular_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced uvular stop">voiced uvular stop</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-8" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/b\/bb\/Labialized_voiced_uvular_plosive.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_uvular_plosive.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0262\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced uvular plosive.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bb/Labialized_voiced_uvular_plosive.ogg/Labialized_voiced_uvular_plosive.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɢʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Oowekyala_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Oowekyala language">Oowekyala</a>, <a href="Kwak'wala" class="mw-redirect" title="Kwak'wala">Kwak'wala</a>, Tsakhur
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">glottal stop</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-9" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/5f\/Labialized_glottal_stop.ogg\/Labialized_glottal_stop.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0294\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized glottal stop.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/Labialized_glottal_stop.ogg/Labialized_glottal_stop.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʔʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Adyghe, Kabardian, Lao, Tlingit
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">prenasalized</a> <a href="Voiced_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiced bilabial plosive">voiced bilabial plosive</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ᵐbʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Tamambo_language" title="Tamambo language">Tamambo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Labial–velar
</td>
<td>protruded <a href="Voiceless_labial%E2%80%93velar_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless labial–velar stop">voiceless labio–velar stop</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[k͡pʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Dorig_language" title="Dorig language">Dorig</a>, <a href="Mwotlap_language" title="Mwotlap language">Mwotlap</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>protruded <a href="Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">prenasalized</a> <a href="Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced labial–velar stop">voiced labial–velar stop</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ᵑᵐɡ͡bʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Volow_language" title="Volow language">Volow</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="9">Affricates
</td>
<td rowspan="6">sibilant
</td>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_alveolar_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolar affricate">voiceless alveolar affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-10" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/ef\/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_affricate.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_affricate.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[t\u0361s\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless alveolar affricate.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_affricate.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_affricate.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡sʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Adyghe_language" title="Adyghe language">Adyghe</a>, Archi, Lezgian, Tsakhur
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_alveolar_affricate" title="Voiced alveolar affricate">voiced alveolar affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-11" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/0\/0b\/Labialized_voiced_alveolar_affricate.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_alveolar_affricate.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[d\u0361z\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced alveolar affricate.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/Labialized_voiced_alveolar_affricate.ogg/Labialized_voiced_alveolar_affricate.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[d͡zʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Adyghe_language" title="Adyghe language">Adyghe</a>, Dahalo
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_palato-alveolar_affricate" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless palato-alveolar affricate">voiceless palato-alveolar affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-12" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/6\/68\/Labialized_voiceless_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[t\u0361\u0283\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless palato-alveolar affricate.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Labialized_voiceless_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡ʃʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Archi, Abaza, Adyghe, Paha, Aghul, German
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_palato-alveolar_affricate" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced palato-alveolar affricate">voiced palato-alveolar affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-13" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/83\/Labialized_voiced_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[d\u0361\u0292\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced palato-alveolar affricate.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/Labialized_voiced_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg/Labialized_voiced_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[d͡ʒʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Abaza, Aghul, Tsakhur, German
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_alveolo-palatal_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate">voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡ɕʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Abkhaz, Akan, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_alveolo-palatal_affricate" title="Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate">voiced alveolo-palatal affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[d͡ʑʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Abkhaz, Akan, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">non-sibilant
</td>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_velar_affricate" title="Voiceless velar affricate">voiceless velar affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-14" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/1\/14\/Labialized_voiceless_velar_affricate.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_velar_affricate.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[k\u0361x\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless velar affricate.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/Labialized_voiceless_velar_affricate.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_velar_affricate.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[k͡xʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Navajo_language" title="Navajo language">Navajo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_uvular_affricate" title="Voiceless uvular affricate">voiceless uvular affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-15" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/c\/c4\/Labialized_voiceless_uvular_affricate.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_uvular_affricate.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[q\u0361\u03c7\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless uvular affricate.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/Labialized_voiceless_uvular_affricate.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_uvular_affricate.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[q͡χʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Kabardian_language" title="Kabardian language">Kabardian</a>, Lillooet
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Lateral_affricate" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral affricate">lateral</a>
</td>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_velar_lateral_affricate" title="Voiceless velar lateral affricate">voiceless velar lateral affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-16" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/fd\/Labialized_voiceless_velar_lateral_affricate.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_velar_lateral_affricate.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[k\u0361\u029f\u031d\u030a\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless velar lateral affricate.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/Labialized_voiceless_velar_lateral_affricate.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_velar_lateral_affricate.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[k͡ʟ̝̊ʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Archi
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="26">Fricatives
</td>
<td rowspan="8"><a href="Sibilant_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Sibilant fricative">sibilant</a>
</td>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_alveolar_fricative#Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant" title="Voiceless alveolar fricative">voiceless alveolar sibilant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-17" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/0\/08\/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_sibilant1.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_sibilant1.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[s\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless alveolar sibilant1.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_sibilant1.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_sibilant1.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[sʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Archi, Lao, Lezgian
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_alveolar_fricative#voiced_alveolar_sibilant" title="Voiced alveolar fricative">voiced alveolar sibilant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-18" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/7\/7d\/Labialized_voiced_alveolar_sibilant.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_alveolar_sibilant.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[z\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced alveolar sibilant.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/Labialized_voiced_alveolar_sibilant.ogg/Labialized_voiced_alveolar_sibilant.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[zʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Archi, Tsakhur, Lezgian
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_palato-alveolar_sibilant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant">voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-19" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/21\/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_sibilant.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_sibilant.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0283\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless alveolar sibilant.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_sibilant.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_sibilant.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʃʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Archi, Abaza, Abkhaz, Adyghe, Paha, Aghul, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_palato-alveolar_sibilant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced palato-alveolar sibilant">voiced palato-alveolar sibilant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-20" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/4\/45\/Labialized_voiced_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0292\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced palato-alveolar sibilant.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/45/Labialized_voiced_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg/Labialized_voiced_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʒʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Archi, Abaza, Abkhaz, Adyghe, Aghul, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_retroflex_sibilant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless retroflex sibilant">voiceless retroflex sibilant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-21" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/0\/03\/Labialized_voiceless_retroflex_sibilant.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_retroflex_sibilant.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0282\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless retroflex sibilant.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/Labialized_voiceless_retroflex_sibilant.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_retroflex_sibilant.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʂʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Bzhedug_Adyghe_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Bzhedug Adyghe dialect">Bzhedug</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_retroflex_sibilant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced retroflex sibilant">voiced retroflex sibilant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-22" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/1\/1d\/Labialized_voiced_retroflex_sibilant.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_retroflex_sibilant.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0290\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced retroflex sibilant.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/Labialized_voiced_retroflex_sibilant.ogg/Labialized_voiced_retroflex_sibilant.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʐʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Bzhedug_Adyghe_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Bzhedug Adyghe dialect">Bzhedug</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_alveolo-palatal_sibilant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant">voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-23" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/6\/61\/Labialized_voiceless_alveolo-palatal_sibilant.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_alveolo-palatal_sibilant.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0255\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/Labialized_voiceless_alveolo-palatal_sibilant.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_alveolo-palatal_sibilant.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɕʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Abkhaz, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_alveolo-palatal_sibilant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant">voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-24" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/b\/bb\/Labialized_voiced_alveolo-palatal_sibilant.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_alveolo-palatal_sibilant.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0291\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bb/Labialized_voiced_alveolo-palatal_sibilant.ogg/Labialized_voiced_alveolo-palatal_sibilant.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʑʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Abkhaz, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="15">non-sibilant
</td>
<td>protruded <a href="Voiceless_bilabial_fricative" title="Voiceless bilabial fricative">voiceless bilabial fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɸʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Okinawan, <a href="Taruma_language" title="Taruma language">Taruma</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>protruded <a href="Voiced_bilabial_fricative" title="Voiced bilabial fricative">voiced bilabial fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[βʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Tamambo_language" title="Tamambo language">Tamambo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiceless labiodental fricative">voiceless labiodental fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-25" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/6\/64\/Labialized_voiceless_dental_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_dental_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[f\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless dental fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/Labialized_voiceless_dental_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_dental_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[fʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Hadza, Chaha
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiced labiodental fricative">voiced labiodental fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-26" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/84\/Labialized_voiced_dental_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_dental_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[v\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced dental fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/Labialized_voiced_dental_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiced_dental_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[vʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_dental_fricative" title="Voiceless dental fricative">voiceless dental fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-27" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/c\/c7\/Labialized_voiceless_labiodental_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_labiodental_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u03b8\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless labiodental fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/Labialized_voiceless_labiodental_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_labiodental_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[θʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Paha
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_dental_fricative" title="Voiced dental fricative">voiced dental fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-28" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/4\/40\/Labialized_voiced_labiodental_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_labiodental_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u00f0\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced labiodental fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/Labialized_voiced_labiodental_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiced_labiodental_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ðʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Paha
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_palatal_fricative" title="Voiceless palatal fricative">voiceless palatal fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-29" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/1\/10\/Labialized_voiceless_palatal_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_palatal_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u00e7\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless palatal fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/10/Labialized_voiceless_palatal_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_palatal_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[çʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Akan
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_velar_fricative" title="Voiceless velar fricative">voiceless velar fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-30" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/4\/40\/Labialized_voiceless_velar_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_velar_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[x\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless velar fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/Labialized_voiceless_velar_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_velar_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[xʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Abaza, Adyghe, <a href="Avestan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Avestan language">Avestan</a>, Chaha, <a href="Halkomelem" title="Halkomelem">Halkomelem</a>, Kabardian, Oowekyala, Taos, Navajo, Tigrinya, Lillooet, Tlingit
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_velar_fricative" title="Voiced velar fricative">voiced velar fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-31" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/4\/42\/Labialized_voiced_velar_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_velar_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0263\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced velar fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/Labialized_voiced_velar_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiced_velar_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɣʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Abaza, Navajo, Lillooet, Gwichʼin, possibly <a href="Proto-Indo-European" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Indo-European">Proto-Indo-European</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_uvular_fricative" title="Voiceless uvular fricative">voiceless uvular fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-32" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/86\/Labialized_voiceless_uvular_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_uvular_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u03c7\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless uvular fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/Labialized_voiceless_uvular_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_uvular_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[χʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Abkhaz, Adyghe, Archi, <a href="Halkomelem" title="Halkomelem">Halkomelem</a>, Kabardian, Lillooet, Tlingit, Wariʼ, Chipewyan, Oowekyala, Ossetic, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> pharyngealized <a href="Voiceless_uvular_fricative" title="Voiceless uvular fricative">voiceless uvular fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[χˤʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Abkhaz, Archi, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_uvular_fricative" title="Voiced uvular fricative">voiced uvular fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-33" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/8b\/Labialized_voiced_uvular_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_uvular_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0281\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced uvular fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/Labialized_voiced_uvular_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiced_uvular_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʁʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Abkhaz, Adyghe, Chipewyan, Kabardian, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> pharyngealized <a href="Voiced_uvular_fricative" title="Voiced uvular fricative">voiced uvular fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʁˤʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Archi, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative" title="Voiceless pharyngeal fricative">voiceless pharyngeal fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-34" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/2b\/Labialized_voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0127\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless pharyngeal fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/Labialized_voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ħʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Abaza, Abkhaz
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiced_pharyngeal_fricative" title="Voiced pharyngeal fricative">voiced pharyngeal fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-35" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/7\/72\/Labialized_voiced_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiced_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0295\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiced pharyngeal fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/Labialized_voiced_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiced_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʕʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Abaza, Lillooet
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Pseudo-fricatives
</td>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_glottal_fricative" title="Voiceless glottal fricative">voiceless glottal fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-36" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/7\/78\/Labialized_voiceless_glottal_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_glottal_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[h\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless glottal fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/Labialized_voiceless_glottal_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_glottal_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[hʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Akan, Tlingit, Tsakhur
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Lateral fricatives
</td>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative">voiceless alveolar lateral fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-37" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/21\/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u026c\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless alveolar lateral fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɬʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Dahalo
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Voiceless_velar_lateral_fricative" title="Voiceless velar lateral fricative">voiceless velar lateral fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-38" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/9d\/Labialized_voiceless_velar_lateral_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_voiceless_velar_lateral_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u029f\u031d\u030a\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized voiceless velar lateral fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/Labialized_voiceless_velar_lateral_fricative.ogg/Labialized_voiceless_velar_lateral_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʟ̝̊ʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Archi
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="4" colspan="2">Nasals
</td>
<td>protruded <a href="Bilabial_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Bilabial nasal">bilabial nasal</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-39" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/1\/1e\/Labialized_bilabial_nasal.ogg\/Labialized_bilabial_nasal.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[m\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized bilabial nasal.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/Labialized_bilabial_nasal.ogg/Labialized_bilabial_nasal.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[mʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Adyghe_language" title="Adyghe language">Adyghe</a>, <a href="Chaha_language" title="Chaha language">Chaha</a>, <a href="Paha_language" title="Paha language">Paha</a>, <a href="Tamambo_language" title="Tamambo language">Tamambo</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Palatal_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Palatal nasal">palatal nasal</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɲʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Akan
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Velar_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Velar nasal">velar nasal</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ŋʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Akan, Avestan, Lao, <a href="Hiw_language" title="Hiw language">Hiw</a>, Igala
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>protruded <a href="Labial-velar_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Labial-velar nasal">labial-velar nasal</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ŋ͡mʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Dorig_language" title="Dorig language">Dorig</a>, <a href="Mwotlap_language" title="Mwotlap language">Mwotlap</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="8">Approximants
</td>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Alveolar_lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar lateral approximant">alveolar lateral approximant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-40" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/a\/a5\/Labialized_alveolar_lateral_approximant.ogg\/Labialized_alveolar_lateral_approximant.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[l\u02b7]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized alveolar lateral approximant.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a5/Labialized_alveolar_lateral_approximant.ogg/Labialized_alveolar_lateral_approximant.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[lʷ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Lao
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Labiodental_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Labiodental approximant">labiodental approximant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʋʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Russian<sup id="cite_ref-yb_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yb-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Labialized_palatal_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Labialized palatal approximant">labialized palatal approximant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɥ]</span> </big>
</td>
<td>Abkhaz, Akan, <a href="French_language" title="French language">French</a>, <a href="Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a>, Paha
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Labio-velar_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Labio-velar approximant">Labio-velar approximant</a> (voiced)
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɰᵝ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>in Japanese
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Protruded <a href="Labio-velar_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Labio-velar approximant">labio-velar approximant</a> (voiced)
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɰʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>widespread; in every above-mentioned language, as well as e.g. <a href="Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>, <a href="English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>, <a href="Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Voiceless_labio-velar_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless labio-velar approximant">Voiceless labio-velar approximant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʍ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>certain dialects of English, <a href="Gothic_language" title="Gothic language">Gothic</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Nasal_labialized_velar_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasal labialized velar approximant">nasal labialized velar approximant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[w̃]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Polish, Portuguese
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Postalveolar_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Postalveolar approximant">postalveolar approximant</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɹ̠ʷ]</span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="English_phonology" title="English phonology">many dialects of English</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="14" colspan="2">Ejectives
</td>
<td>protruded <a href="Bilabial_ejective" class="mw-redirect" title="Bilabial ejective">bilabial ejective</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-41" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/5d\/Labialized_bilabial_ejective.ogg\/Labialized_bilabial_ejective.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[p\u02b7\u02bc]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized bilabial ejective.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/Labialized_bilabial_ejective.ogg/Labialized_bilabial_ejective.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[pʷʼ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Adyghe_language" title="Adyghe language">Adyghe</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Alveolar_ejective" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar ejective">alveolar ejective</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-42" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/0\/07\/Labialized_alveolar_ejective.ogg\/Labialized_alveolar_ejective.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[t\u02b7\u02bc]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized alveolar ejective.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/Labialized_alveolar_ejective.ogg/Labialized_alveolar_ejective.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tʷʼ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Abkhaz_language" title="Abkhaz language">Abkhaz</a>, Adyghe, <a href="Ubykh_language" title="Ubykh language">Ubykh</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Velar_ejective" class="mw-redirect" title="Velar ejective">velar ejective</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-43" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/9a\/Labialized_velar_ejective.ogg\/Labialized_velar_ejective.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[k\u02b7\u02bc]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized velar ejective.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/Labialized_velar_ejective.ogg/Labialized_velar_ejective.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[kʷʼ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Abaza_language" title="Abaza language">Abaza</a>, Abkhaz, <a href="Adyghe_language" title="Adyghe language">Adyghe</a>, Archi, <a href="Slavey_language" title="Slavey language">Bearlake Slavey</a>, Chipewyan, <a href="Halkomelem" title="Halkomelem">Halkomelem</a>, <a href="Kabardian_language" title="Kabardian language">Kabardian</a>, Ossetic, <a href="Tlingit_language" title="Tlingit language">Tlingit</a>, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Palato-alveolar_ejective_fricative" title="Palato-alveolar ejective fricative">palato-alveolar ejective fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-44" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d5\/Labialized_palato-alveolar_ejective_fricative.ogg\/Labialized_palato-alveolar_ejective_fricative.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[\u0283\u02b7\u02bc]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized palato-alveolar ejective fricative.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/Labialized_palato-alveolar_ejective_fricative.ogg/Labialized_palato-alveolar_ejective_fricative.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʃʷʼ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Adyghe
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Uvular_ejective" class="mw-redirect" title="Uvular ejective">uvular ejective</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="nounderlines nowrap"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-45" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d5\/Labialized_uvular_ejective.ogg\/Labialized_uvular_ejective.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span class=\"IPA nowrap\" lang=\"und-Latn-fonipa\" title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\">[q\u02b7\u02bc]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Labialized uvular ejective.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/Labialized_uvular_ejective.ogg/Labialized_uvular_ejective.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[qʷʼ]</span></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span></span></big>
</td>
<td>Abaza, Abkhaz, Archi, <a href="Halkomelem" title="Halkomelem">Halkomelem</a>, <a href="Hakuchi_Adyghe_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Hakuchi Adyghe dialect">Hakuchi</a>, <a href="Tlingit_language" title="Tlingit language">Tlingit</a>, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> pharyngealized <a href="Uvular_ejective" class="mw-redirect" title="Uvular ejective">uvular ejective</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[qˤʷʼ]</span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Archi_language" title="Archi language">Archi</a>, <a href="Ubykh_language" title="Ubykh language">Ubykh</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Alveolar_ejective_affricate" title="Alveolar ejective affricate">alveolar ejective affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡sʷʼ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Archi, Khwarshi
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Alveolar_lateral_ejective_affricate" title="Alveolar lateral ejective affricate">alveolar lateral ejective affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡ɬʷʼ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Khwarshi
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Palato-alveolar_ejective_affricate" title="Palato-alveolar ejective affricate">palato-alveolar ejective affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡ʃʷʼ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Abaza, Archi, Khwarshi
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Alveolo-palatal_ejective_affricate" title="Alveolo-palatal ejective affricate">alveolo-palatal ejective affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡ɕʷʼ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Abkhaz, Ubykh
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Retroflex_ejective_affricate" title="Retroflex ejective affricate">retroflex ejective affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʈ͡ʂʷʼ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>allophonic in Adyghe
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Velar_lateral_ejective_affricate" title="Velar lateral ejective affricate">velar lateral ejective affricate</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[k͡ʟ̝̊ʷʼ]</span></big>
</td>
<td>Archi
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Velar_ejective_fricative" title="Velar ejective fricative">velar ejective fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[xʷʼ]</span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Tlingit_language" title="Tlingit language">Tlingit</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>lab<sup>zd</sup> <a href="Uvular_ejective_fricative" title="Uvular ejective fricative">uvular ejective fricative</a>
</td>
<td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[χʷʼ]</span></big>
</td>
<td><a href="Tlingit_language" title="Tlingit language">Tlingit</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Labio-palatalization" title="Labio-palatalization">Labio-palatalization</a> (◌ᶣ)</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">
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<div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-ARA-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ARA_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ARA_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">
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</style><cite id="CITEREFSiegel1977" class="citation book cs1">Siegel, Bernard J. (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ApzO7A7-xcUC&q=abkhaz+labialized"><i>Annual Review of Anthropology</i></a>. Annual Reviews Incorporated. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780824319069</bdi>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Laver [1994: 321] <i>Principles of Phonetics</i></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJurgec2007" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jurgec, Peter (2007), <i>Novejše besedje s stališča fonologije Primer slovenščine</i> (in Slovenian), Tromsø, p. 95</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{citation}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As a mnemonic, the more-rounded diacritics resemble the rounded vowel ⟨<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɔ</span>⟩.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Phonetic_Association1999" class="citation book cs1">International Phonetic Association (1999). <i>Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A Guide to the Use of the International Phonetic Alphabet</i>. Cambridge University Press. p. 190. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-52163751-0</bdi>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This is not a subscript <i>w</i> but originally a subscript omega that "recalls the letter <i>w</i>" (Jespersen & Pedersen, 1926, <i>Phonetic Transcription and Transliteration: Proposals of the Copenhagen Conference, April 1925.</i> Oxford University Press).</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.cefala.org/issp2006/cdrom/articles/shosted.pdf">[1]</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080516193747/http://www.cefala.org/issp2006/cdrom/articles/shosted.pdf">Archived</a> May 16, 2008, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Esling (2010) "Phonetic Notation", in Hardcastle, Laver & Gibbon (eds) <i>The Handbook of Phonetic Sciences</i>, 2nd ed.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-yb-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-yb_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYanushevskayaBunčić2015">Yanushevskaya & Bunčić (2015</a>:223)</span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div>
<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFCrowley1997" class="citation book cs1">Crowley, Terry (1997). <i>An Introduction to Historical Linguistics</i> (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.</cite></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFLadefogedMaddieson1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Peter_Ladefoged" title="Peter Ladefoged">Ladefoged, Peter</a>; <a href="Ian_Maddieson" title="Ian Maddieson">Maddieson, Ian</a> (1996). <a href="The_Sounds_of_the_World's_Languages" title="The Sounds of the World's Languages"><i>The Sounds of the World's Languages</i></a>. Oxford: Blackwell. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-631-19815-6</bdi>.</cite></li>
<li><cite id="CITEREFRuhlen1976" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Merritt_Ruhlen" title="Merritt Ruhlen">Ruhlen, Merritt</a> (1976). <i>A Guide to the Languages of the World</i>. Stanford University Press.</cite></li></ul>
<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFYanushevskayaBunčić2015" class="citation journal cs1">Yanushevskaya, Irena; Bunčić, Daniel (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0025100314000395">"Russian"</a>. <i>Journal of the International Phonetic Association</i>. <b>45</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">221–</span>228. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0025100314000395">10.1017/S0025100314000395</a></span>.</cite></li></ul>
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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articulation335" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Articulation335" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articulation</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="Articulatory_phonetics" title="Articulatory phonetics">Articulatory phonetics</a> – <a href="Co-articulated_consonant" title="Co-articulated consonant">Co-articulation</a> – <a href="International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Place_of_articulation" title="Place of articulation">Place</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Labial_consonant" title="Labial consonant">Labial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Bilabial_consonant" title="Bilabial consonant">Bilabial</a></li>
<li><a href="Labiodental_consonant" title="Labiodental consonant">Labiodental</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Coronal_consonant" title="Coronal consonant">Coronal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Linguolabial_consonant" title="Linguolabial consonant">Linguolabial</a></li>
<li><a href="Interdental_consonant" title="Interdental consonant">Interdental</a></li>
<li><a href="Dental_consonant" title="Dental consonant">Dental</a></li>
<li><a href="Denti-alveolar_consonant" title="Denti-alveolar consonant">Denti-alveolar</a></li>
<li><a href="Alveolar_consonant" title="Alveolar consonant">Alveolar</a></li>
<li><a href="Postalveolar_consonant" title="Postalveolar consonant">Postalveolar</a>
<ul><li><a href="Retroflex_consonant" title="Retroflex consonant">Retroflex</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active place</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Apical_consonant" title="Apical consonant">Apical</a></li>
<li><a href="Laminal_consonant" title="Laminal consonant">Laminal</a></li>
<li><a href="Subapical_consonant" title="Subapical consonant">Subapical</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Dorsal_consonant" title="Dorsal consonant">Dorsal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Alveolo-palatal_consonant" title="Alveolo-palatal consonant">Alveolo-palatal</a></li>
<li><a href="Palatal_consonant" title="Palatal consonant">Palatal</a></li>
<li><a href="Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant">Velar</a></li>
<li><a href="Uvular_consonant" title="Uvular consonant">Uvular</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Laryngeal_consonant" title="Laryngeal consonant">Laryngeal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Pharyngeal_consonant" title="Pharyngeal consonant">Pharyngeal/epiglottal</a></li>
<li><a href="Glottal_consonant" title="Glottal consonant">Glottal</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Doubly_articulated_consonant" title="Doubly articulated consonant">Double articulation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Labial%E2%80%93coronal_consonant" title="Labial–coronal consonant">Labial–coronal</a>
<ul><li><a href="Labial%E2%80%93alveolar_consonant" title="Labial–alveolar consonant">Labial–alveolar</a></li>
<li><a href="Labial%E2%80%93retroflex_consonant" title="Labial–retroflex consonant">Labial–retroflex</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Labial%E2%80%93palatal_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Labial–palatal consonant">Labial–palatal</a></li>
<li><a href="Labial%E2%80%93velar_consonant" title="Labial–velar consonant">Labial–velar</a></li>
<li><a href="Labial%E2%80%93uvular_consonant" title="Labial–uvular consonant">Labial–uvular</a></li>
<li><a href="Coronal%E2%80%93velar_consonant" title="Coronal–velar consonant">Coronal–velar</a></li>
<li><a href="Uvular%E2%80%93epiglottal_consonant" title="Uvular–epiglottal consonant">Uvular–epiglottal</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Speech_pathology" class="mw-redirect" title="Speech pathology">Pathological</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Velopharyngeal_consonant" title="Velopharyngeal consonant">Velopharyngeal</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Bidental_consonant" title="Bidental consonant">Bidental</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Manner_of_articulation" title="Manner of articulation">Manner</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Obstruent" title="Obstruent">Obstruent</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Plosive" title="Plosive">Plosive</a></li>
<li><a href="Affricate" title="Affricate">Affricate</a></li>
<li><a href="Fricative" title="Fricative">Fricative</a>
<ul><li><a href="Sibilant" title="Sibilant">Sibilant</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Sonorant" title="Sonorant">Sonorant</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Nasal_consonant" title="Nasal consonant">Nasal</a></li>
<li><a href="Vowel" title="Vowel">Vowel</a></li>
<li><a href="Approximant" title="Approximant">Approximant</a>
<ul><li><a href="Semivowel" title="Semivowel">Semivowel</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Vibrant_consonant" title="Vibrant consonant">Vibrant</a>
<ul><li><a href="Tap_and_flap_consonants" title="Tap and flap consonants">Tap/flap</a></li>
<li><a href="Trill_consonant" title="Trill consonant">Trill</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Liquid_consonant" title="Liquid consonant">Liquid</a>
<ul><li><a href="Rhotic_consonant" title="Rhotic consonant">Rhotic</a></li>
<li><a href="Lateral_consonant" title="Lateral consonant">Lateral</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Occlusive" title="Occlusive">Occlusive</a></li>
<li><a href="Continuant" title="Continuant">Continuant</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Airstream_mechanism" title="Airstream mechanism">Airstream</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Egressive_sound" title="Egressive sound">Egressive</a></li>
<li><a href="Ingressive_sound" title="Ingressive sound">Ingressive</a></li>
<li><a href="Ejective_consonant" title="Ejective consonant">Ejective</a></li>
<li><a href="Implosive_consonant" title="Implosive consonant">Implosive</a></li>
<li><a href="Click_consonant" title="Click consonant">Click</a>
<ul><li><a href="Pulmonic-contour_clicks" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulmonic-contour clicks">Pulmonic</a></li>
<li><a href="Ejective-contour_clicks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ejective-contour clicks">Ejective</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Percussive_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Percussive consonant">Percussive</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Secondary_articulation" title="Secondary articulation">Secondary <br>articulation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>
<ul><li><a href="Roundedness" title="Roundedness">Rounding</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Palatalization_(phonetics)" title="Palatalization (phonetics)">Palatalization</a></li>
<li><a href="Labio-palatalization" title="Labio-palatalization">Labio-palatalization</a></li>
<li><a href="Velarization" title="Velarization">Velarization</a></li>
<li><a href="Uvularization" title="Uvularization">Uvularization</a></li>
<li><a href="Pharyngealization" title="Pharyngealization">Pharyngealization</a></li>
<li><a href="Glottalization" title="Glottalization">Glottalization</a></li>
<li><a href="Nasalization" title="Nasalization">Nasalization</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Tongue_shape" title="Tongue shape">Tongue shape</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Sulcalization" title="Sulcalization">Sulcal</a></li>
<li><a href="Domed_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Domed consonant">Domed</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">Voice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">Voiceless</a>
<ul><li><a href="Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">Aspirated</a></li>
<li><a href="Tenuis_consonant" title="Tenuis consonant">Tenuis</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Voice_onset_time" title="Voice onset time">Voice onset time</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Phonation" title="Phonation">Phonation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Modal_voice" title="Modal voice">Modal</a></li>
<li><a href="Breathy_voice" title="Breathy voice">Breathy</a></li>
<li><a href="Slack_voice" title="Slack voice">Slack</a></li>
<li><a href="Creaky_voice" title="Creaky voice">Creaky</a></li>
<li><a href="Stiff_voice" title="Stiff voice">Stiff</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_Phonetic_Alphabet_(chart)189" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="International_Phonetic_Alphabet_(chart)189" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> <span class="nobold">(<a href="International_Phonetic_Alphabet_chart" title="International Phonetic Alphabet chart">chart</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="IPA_topics189" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">IPA topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">IPA</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="International_Phonetic_Association" title="International Phonetic Association">International Phonetic Association</a></li>
<li><a href="History_of_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="History of the International Phonetic Alphabet">History of the alphabet</a></li>
<li><a href="Extensions_to_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet">Extensions for disordered speech (extIPA)</a></li>
<li><a href="Voice_Quality_Symbols" title="Voice Quality Symbols">Voice Quality Symbols (VoQS)</a></li>
<li><a href="Journal_of_the_International_Phonetic_Association" title="Journal of the International Phonetic Association"><i>Journal of the IPA</i> (<i>JIPA</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Cursive_forms_of_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Cursive forms of the International Phonetic Alphabet">Cursive forms</a></li>
<li><a href="Case_variants_of_IPA_letters" title="Case variants of IPA letters">Case variants</a></li>
<li><a href="Obsolete_and_nonstandard_symbols_in_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Obsolete and nonstandard symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet">Obsolete and nonstandard symbols</a></li>
<li><a href="Naming_conventions_of_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Naming conventions of the International Phonetic Alphabet">Naming conventions</a></li>
<li><a href="Sinological_extensions_to_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinological extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet">Sinological extensions</a></li>
<li><a href="World_Orthography" title="World Orthography">World Orthography</a></li>
<li><a href="International_Phonetic_Alphabet_chart_for_English_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="International Phonetic Alphabet chart for English dialects">IPA chart for English dialects</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Encodings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Comparison_of_ASCII_encodings_of_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Comparison of ASCII encodings of the International Phonetic Alphabet">ASCII encodings</a>
<ul><li><a href="SAMPA" title="SAMPA">SAMPA</a></li>
<li><a href="X-SAMPA" title="X-SAMPA">X-SAMPA</a></li>
<li><a href="Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum">Kirshenbaum</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="TIPA_(software)" title="TIPA (software)">TIPA</a></li>
<li><a href="Phonetic_symbols_in_Unicode" title="Phonetic symbols in Unicode">Phonetic symbols in Unicode</a></li>
<li><a href="IPA_number" title="IPA number">IPA number</a></li>
<li><a href="IPA_Braille" title="IPA Braille">IPA Braille</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Consonants189" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Consonant" title="Consonant">Consonants</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="Pulmonic_consonant" title="Pulmonic consonant">Pulmonic consonants</a></b>
<table role="presentation" class="" style="margin: auto;">
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<table class="wikitable nowrap IPA-common-table IPA-common-constable IPA-pulmonic-main" style="">
<tbody><tr>
<th scope="row" class="IPA-pulmonic-placearrow"><a href="Place_of_articulation" title="Place of articulation">Place</a> →
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="5"><a href="Labial_consonant" title="Labial consonant">Labial</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="10"><a href="Coronal_consonant" title="Coronal consonant">Coronal</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="5"><a href="Dorsal_consonant" title="Dorsal consonant">Dorsal</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="Laryngeal_consonant" title="Laryngeal consonant">Laryngeal</a>
</th></tr>
<tr class="wrap wraplinks">
<th scope="col" class="IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow"><a href="Manner_of_articulation" title="Manner of articulation">Manner</a> ↓
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="Bilabial_consonant" title="Bilabial consonant">Bilabial</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="Labiodental_consonant" title="Labiodental consonant">Labiodental</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="Linguolabial_consonant" title="Linguolabial consonant">Linguolabial</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="Dental_consonant" title="Dental consonant">Dental</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="Alveolar_consonant" title="Alveolar consonant">Alveolar</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="Postalveolar_consonant" title="Postalveolar consonant">Postalveolar</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="Retroflex_consonant" title="Retroflex consonant">Retroflex</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="Palatal_consonant" title="Palatal consonant">Palatal</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant">Velar</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="Uvular_consonant" title="Uvular consonant">Uvular</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="Pharyngeal_consonant" title="Pharyngeal consonant">Pharyngeal/epiglottal</a>
</th>
<th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="Glottal_consonant" title="Glottal consonant">Glottal</a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Nasal_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasal stop">Nasal</a>
</th>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_bilabial_nasal" title="Voiceless bilabial nasal">m̥</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_bilabial_nasal" title="Voiced bilabial nasal">m</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_labiodental_nasal" title="Voiceless labiodental nasal">ɱ̊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labiodental_nasal" title="Voiced labiodental nasal">ɱ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_linguolabial_nasal" title="Voiced linguolabial nasal">n̼</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Dental_consonant" title="Dental consonant">n̪̊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_dental_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced dental nasal">n̪</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar nasal">n̥</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar nasal">n</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Relative_articulation#Advanced_and_retracted" title="Relative articulation">n̠̊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_postalveolar_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced postalveolar nasal">n̠</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_retroflex_nasal" title="Voiceless retroflex nasal">ɳ̊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_nasal" title="Voiced retroflex nasal">ɳ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_palatal_nasal" title="Voiceless palatal nasal">ɲ̊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_palatal_nasal" title="Voiced palatal nasal">ɲ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_velar_nasal" title="Voiceless velar nasal">ŋ̊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_velar_nasal" title="Voiced velar nasal">ŋ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_uvular_nasal" title="Voiceless uvular nasal">ɴ̥</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_uvular_nasal" title="Voiced uvular nasal">ɴ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Plosive" title="Plosive">Plosive</a>
</th>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive">p</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiced bilabial plosive">b</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_labiodental_plosive" title="Voiceless labiodental plosive">p̪</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labiodental_plosive" title="Voiced labiodental plosive">b̪</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_linguolabial_plosive" title="Voiceless linguolabial plosive">t̼</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_linguolabial_plosive" title="Voiced linguolabial plosive">d̼</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_dental_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless dental plosive">t̪</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_dental_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced dental plosive">d̪</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar plosive">t</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar plosive">d</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_retroflex_plosive" title="Voiceless retroflex plosive">ʈ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_plosive" title="Voiced retroflex plosive">ɖ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_palatal_plosive" title="Voiceless palatal plosive">c</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_palatal_plosive" title="Voiced palatal plosive">ɟ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_uvular_plosive" title="Voiceless uvular plosive">q</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_uvular_plosive" title="Voiced uvular plosive">ɢ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Epiglottal_plosive" title="Epiglottal plosive">ʡ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">ʔ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Sibilant" title="Sibilant">Sibilant</a> <a href="Affricate" title="Affricate">affricate</a>
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_dental_affricate" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless dental affricate">t̪s̪</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_dental_affricate" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced dental affricate">d̪z̪</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolar affricate">ts</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_affricate" title="Voiced alveolar affricate">dz</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_postalveolar_affricate" title="Voiceless postalveolar affricate">t̠ʃ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_postalveolar_affricate" title="Voiced postalveolar affricate">d̠ʒ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_retroflex_affricate" title="Voiceless retroflex affricate">tʂ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_affricate" title="Voiced retroflex affricate">dʐ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolo-palatal_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate">tɕ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolo-palatal_affricate" title="Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate">dʑ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Non-sibilant affricate
</th>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_bilabial_affricate" title="Voiceless bilabial affricate">pɸ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_bilabial_affricate" title="Voiced bilabial affricate">bβ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_labiodental_affricate" title="Voiceless labiodental affricate">p̪f</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labiodental_affricate" title="Voiced labiodental affricate">b̪v</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_dental_non-sibilant_affricate" title="Voiceless dental non-sibilant affricate">t̪θ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_dental_non-sibilant_affricate" title="Voiced dental non-sibilant affricate">d̪ð</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_non-sibilant_affricate" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar non-sibilant affricate">tɹ̝̊</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_non-sibilant_affricate" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar non-sibilant affricate">dɹ̝</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_postalveolar_non-sibilant_affricate" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant affricate">t̠ɹ̠̊˔</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_postalveolar_non-sibilant_affricate" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced postalveolar non-sibilant affricate">d̠ɹ̠˔</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_palatal_affricate" title="Voiceless palatal affricate">cç</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_palatal_affricate" title="Voiced palatal affricate">ɟʝ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_velar_affricate" title="Voiceless velar affricate">kx</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_velar_affricate" title="Voiced velar affricate">ɡɣ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_uvular_affricate" title="Voiceless uvular affricate">qχ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_uvular_affricate" title="Voiced uvular affricate">ɢʁ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_epiglottal_affricate" title="Voiceless epiglottal affricate">ʡʜ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_epiglottal_affricate" title="Voiced epiglottal affricate">ʡʢ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_glottal_affricate" title="Voiceless glottal affricate">ʔh</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Sibilant <a href="Fricative" title="Fricative">fricative</a>
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_dental_sibilant_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless dental sibilant fricative">s̪</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_dental_sibilant_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced dental sibilant fricative">z̪</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless alveolar fricative">s</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiced alveolar fricative">z</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_postalveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless postalveolar fricative">ʃ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_postalveolar_fricative" title="Voiced postalveolar fricative">ʒ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_retroflex_fricative" title="Voiceless retroflex fricative">ʂ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_fricative" title="Voiced retroflex fricative">ʐ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolo-palatal_fricative" title="Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative">ɕ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolo-palatal_fricative" title="Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative">ʑ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Non-sibilant fricative
</th>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_bilabial_fricative" title="Voiceless bilabial fricative">ɸ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_bilabial_fricative" title="Voiced bilabial fricative">β</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiceless labiodental fricative">f</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiced labiodental fricative">v</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_linguolabial_fricative" title="Voiceless linguolabial fricative">θ̼</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_linguolabial_fricative" title="Voiced linguolabial fricative">ð̼</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_dental_fricative" title="Voiceless dental fricative">θ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-rightborder IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_dental_fricative" title="Voiced dental fricative">ð</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_non-sibilant_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar non-sibilant fricative">θ̠</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_non-sibilant_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar non-sibilant fricative">ð̠</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_postalveolar_non-sibilant_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant fricative">ɹ̠̊˔</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_postalveolar_non-sibilant_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced postalveolar non-sibilant fricative">ɹ̠˔</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_retroflex_non-sibilant_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless retroflex non-sibilant fricative">ɻ̊˔</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_non-sibilant_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced retroflex non-sibilant fricative">ɻ˔</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_palatal_fricative" title="Voiceless palatal fricative">ç</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_palatal_fricative" title="Voiced palatal fricative">ʝ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_velar_fricative" title="Voiceless velar fricative">x</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_velar_fricative" title="Voiced velar fricative">ɣ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_uvular_fricative" title="Voiceless uvular fricative">χ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_uvular_fricative" title="Voiced uvular fricative">ʁ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative" title="Voiceless pharyngeal fricative">ħ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_pharyngeal_fricative" title="Voiced pharyngeal fricative">ʕ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_glottal_fricative" title="Voiceless glottal fricative">h</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_glottal_fricative" title="Voiced glottal fricative">ɦ</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Approximant" title="Approximant">Approximant</a>
</th>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-notopborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_bilabial_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced bilabial approximant">β̞</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labiodental_approximant" title="Voiced labiodental approximant">ʋ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-notopborder">
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-notopborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_dental_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced dental approximant">ð̞</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar approximant">ɹ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_postalveolar_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced postalveolar approximant">ɹ̠</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_approximant" title="Voiced retroflex approximant">ɻ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_palatal_approximant" title="Voiced palatal approximant">j</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_velar_approximant" title="Voiced velar approximant">ɰ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-notopborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_uvular_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced uvular approximant">ʁ̞</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-notopborder">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-notopborder">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-notopborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Creaky-voiced_glottal_approximant" title="Creaky-voiced glottal approximant">ʔ̞</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Tap_and_flap_consonants" title="Tap and flap consonants">Tap/flap</a>
</th>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_bilabial_flap" title="Voiced bilabial flap">ⱱ̟</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labiodental_flap" title="Voiced labiodental flap">ⱱ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_linguolabial_tap" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced linguolabial tap">ɾ̼</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_tap" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar tap">ɾ̥</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_dental_and_alveolar_taps_and_flaps" title="Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps">ɾ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_retroflex_flap" title="Voiceless retroflex flap">ɽ̊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_flap" title="Voiced retroflex flap">ɽ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_uvular_tap_and_flap" title="Voiced uvular tap and flap">ɢ̆</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_epiglottal_tap" title="Voiced epiglottal tap">ʡ̆</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Trill_consonant" title="Trill consonant">Trill</a>
</th>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_bilabial_trill" title="Voiceless bilabial trill">ʙ̥</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_bilabial_trill" title="Voiced bilabial trill">ʙ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_trill" title="Voiceless alveolar trill">r̥</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_trill" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar trill">r</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_postalveolar_trill" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced postalveolar trill">r̠</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_retroflex_trill" title="Voiceless retroflex trill">ɽ̊r̥</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_trill" title="Voiced retroflex trill">ɽr</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_uvular_trill" title="Voiceless uvular trill">ʀ̥</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_uvular_trill" title="Voiced uvular trill">ʀ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_epiglottal_trill" title="Voiceless epiglottal trill">ʜ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_epiglottal_trill" title="Voiced epiglottal trill">ʢ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Lateral_consonant" title="Lateral consonant">Lateral</a> affricate
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolar lateral affricate">tɬ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_lateral_affricate" title="Voiced alveolar lateral affricate">dɮ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_retroflex_lateral_affricate" title="Voiceless retroflex lateral affricate">tꞎ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_lateral_affricate" title="Voiced retroflex lateral affricate">d𝼅</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_palatal_lateral_affricate" title="Voiceless palatal lateral affricate">c𝼆</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_palatal_lateral_affricate" title="Voiced palatal lateral affricate">ɟʎ̝</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_velar_lateral_affricate" title="Voiceless velar lateral affricate">k𝼄</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_velar_lateral_affricate" title="Voiced velar lateral affricate">ɡʟ̝</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Lateral fricative
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_dental_lateral_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless dental lateral fricative">ɬ̪</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative">ɬ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_lateral_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar lateral fricative">ɮ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_retroflex_lateral_fricative" title="Voiceless retroflex lateral fricative">ꞎ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_lateral_fricative" title="Voiced retroflex lateral fricative">𝼅</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_palatal_lateral_fricative" title="Voiceless palatal lateral fricative">𝼆</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_palatal_lateral_fricative" title="Voiced palatal lateral fricative">ʎ̝</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_velar_lateral_fricative" title="Voiceless velar lateral fricative">𝼄</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_velar_lateral_fricative" title="Voiced velar lateral fricative">ʟ̝</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Lateral approximant
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_dental_lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced dental lateral approximant">l̪</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar lateral approximant">l̥</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar lateral approximant">l</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_postalveolar_lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced postalveolar lateral approximant">l̠</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless">ɭ̊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_lateral_approximant" title="Voiced retroflex lateral approximant">ɭ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless">ʎ̥</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_palatal_lateral_approximant" title="Voiced palatal lateral approximant">ʎ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless">ʟ̥</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_velar_lateral_approximant" title="Voiced velar lateral approximant">ʟ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_uvular_lateral_approximant" title="Voiced uvular lateral approximant">ʟ̠</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Lateral tap/flap
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_flap" title="Voiceless alveolar lateral flap">ɺ̥</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_lateral_flap" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar lateral flap">ɺ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_retroflex_lateral_flap" title="Voiceless retroflex lateral flap">𝼈̊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_lateral_flap" title="Voiced retroflex lateral flap">𝼈</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_palatal_lateral_flap" title="Voiced palatal lateral flap">ʎ̆</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_velar_lateral_tap" title="Voiced velar lateral tap">ʟ̆</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="IPA-common-notes">
<div class="hlist">
<ul><li>IPA help</li>
<li><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="IPA_consonant_chart_with_audio" title="IPA consonant chart with audio"></a></span> <a href="IPA_consonant_chart_with_audio" title="IPA consonant chart with audio">audio</a></li>
<li><a href="International_Phonetic_Alphabet_chart" title="International Phonetic Alphabet chart">full chart</a></li>
<li>template</li></ul>
</div>
<p>Symbols to the right in a cell are <a href="Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">voiced</a>, to the left are <a href="Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">voiceless</a>. <span style="display: inline-block;">Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.</span>
</p>
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="nowrap"><div style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 2em;"><b>Non-pulmonic consonants</b>
<table role="presentation" class="" style="">
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<table class="wikitable nowrap IPA-common-table IPA-common-constable" style="">
<tbody><tr class="wrap wraplinks">
<th colspan="2">
</th>
<th scope="col"><a href="Bilabial_consonant" title="Bilabial consonant"><abbr title="Bilabial">BL</abbr></a>
</th>
<th scope="col"><a href="Labiodental_consonant" title="Labiodental consonant"><abbr title="Labiodental">LD</abbr></a>
</th>
<th scope="col"><a href="Dental_consonant" title="Dental consonant"><abbr title="Dental">D</abbr></a>
</th>
<th scope="col"><a href="Alveolar_consonant" title="Alveolar consonant"><abbr title="Alveolar">A</abbr></a>
</th>
<th scope="col"><a href="Postalveolar_consonant" title="Postalveolar consonant"><abbr title="Postalveolar">PA</abbr></a>
</th>
<th scope="col"><a href="Retroflex_consonant" title="Retroflex consonant"><abbr title="Retroflex">RF</abbr></a>
</th>
<th scope="col"><a href="Palatal_consonant" title="Palatal consonant"><abbr title="Palatal">P</abbr></a>
</th>
<th scope="col"><a href="Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant"><abbr title="Velar">V</abbr></a>
</th>
<th scope="col"><a href="Uvular_consonant" title="Uvular consonant"><abbr title="Uvular">U</abbr></a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" rowspan="5"><a href="Ejective_consonant" title="Ejective consonant">Ejective</a>
</th>
<th scope="row"><a href="Plosive" title="Plosive">Stop</a>
</th>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Bilabial_ejective_stop" title="Bilabial ejective stop">pʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Alveolar_ejective_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar ejective stop">tʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Retroflex_ejective_stop" title="Retroflex ejective stop">ʈʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Palatal_ejective_stop" title="Palatal ejective stop">cʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Velar_ejective_stop" title="Velar ejective stop">kʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Uvular_ejective_stop" title="Uvular ejective stop">qʼ</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Affricate" title="Affricate">Affricate</a>
</th>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Labiodental_ejective_affricate" title="Labiodental ejective affricate">p̪fʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Dental_ejective_affricate" title="Dental ejective affricate">t̪θʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Alveolar_ejective_affricate" title="Alveolar ejective affricate">tsʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Palato-alveolar_ejective_affricate" title="Palato-alveolar ejective affricate">t̠ʃʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Retroflex_ejective_affricate" title="Retroflex ejective affricate">tʂʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Alveolo-palatal_ejective_affricate" title="Alveolo-palatal ejective affricate">tɕʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Velar_ejective_affricate" title="Velar ejective affricate">kxʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Uvular_ejective_affricate" title="Uvular ejective affricate">qχʼ</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Fricative" title="Fricative">Fricative</a>
</th>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Bilabial_ejective_fricative" title="Bilabial ejective fricative">ɸʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Labiodental_ejective_fricative" title="Labiodental ejective fricative">fʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Dental_ejective_fricative" title="Dental ejective fricative">θʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Alveolar_ejective_fricative" title="Alveolar ejective fricative">sʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Palato-alveolar_ejective_fricative" title="Palato-alveolar ejective fricative">ʃʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Retroflex_ejective_fricative" title="Retroflex ejective fricative">ʂʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Alveolo-palatal_ejective_fricative" title="Alveolo-palatal ejective fricative">ɕʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Velar_ejective_fricative" title="Velar ejective fricative">xʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Uvular_ejective_fricative" title="Uvular ejective fricative">χʼ</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Lateral_consonant" title="Lateral consonant">Lateral</a> affricate
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Alveolar_lateral_ejective_affricate" title="Alveolar lateral ejective affricate">tɬʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Palatal_lateral_ejective_affricate" title="Palatal lateral ejective affricate">c𝼆ʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Velar_lateral_ejective_affricate" title="Velar lateral ejective affricate">k𝼄ʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Uvular_lateral_ejective_affricate" title="Uvular lateral ejective affricate">q𝼄ʼ</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Lateral fricative
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Alveolar_lateral_ejective_fricative" title="Alveolar lateral ejective fricative">ɬʼ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" rowspan="6"><a href="Click_consonant" title="Click consonant">Click</a><br>(top: velar;<br>bottom: uvular)
</th>
<th scope="row"><a href="Tenuis_consonant" title="Tenuis consonant">Tenuis</a>
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Tenuis_bilabial_click" title="Tenuis bilabial click">kʘ<br>qʘ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Tenuis_dental_click" title="Tenuis dental click">kǀ<br>qǀ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Tenuis_alveolar_click" title="Tenuis alveolar click">kǃ<br>qǃ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Tenuis_retroflex_click" title="Tenuis retroflex click">k𝼊<br>q𝼊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Tenuis_palatal_click" title="Tenuis palatal click">kǂ<br>qǂ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">Voiced</a>
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_bilabial_click" title="Voiced bilabial click">ɡʘ<br>ɢʘ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_dental_click" title="Voiced dental click">ɡǀ<br>ɢǀ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_click" title="Voiced alveolar click">ɡǃ<br>ɢǃ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_click" title="Voiced retroflex click">ɡ𝼊<br>ɢ𝼊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_palatal_click" title="Voiced palatal click">ɡǂ<br>ɢǂ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Nasal_click" title="Nasal click">Nasal</a>
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Bilabial_nasal_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Bilabial nasal click">ŋʘ<br>ɴʘ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Dental_nasal_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Dental nasal click">ŋǀ<br>ɴǀ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Alveolar_nasal_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar nasal click">ŋǃ<br>ɴǃ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Retroflex_nasal_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Retroflex nasal click">ŋ𝼊<br>ɴ𝼊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Palatal_nasal_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Palatal nasal click">ŋǂ<br>ɴǂ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Back-released_click" title="Back-released click">ʞ</a></span><br>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Tenuis <a href="Lateral_click" title="Lateral click">lateral</a>
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Tenuis_alveolar_lateral_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenuis alveolar lateral click">kǁ<br>qǁ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Voiced lateral
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_lateral_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar lateral click">ɡǁ<br>ɢǁ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Nasal lateral
</th>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Alveolar_lateral_nasal_click" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar lateral nasal click">ŋǁ<br>ɴǁ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-shaded">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" rowspan="2"><a href="Implosive_consonant" title="Implosive consonant">Implosive</a>
</th>
<th scope="row">Voiced
</th>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_bilabial_implosive" title="Voiced bilabial implosive">ɓ</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_alveolar_implosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar implosive">ɗ</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_retroflex_implosive" title="Voiced retroflex implosive">ᶑ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_palatal_implosive" title="Voiced palatal implosive">ʄ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_velar_implosive" title="Voiced velar implosive">ɠ</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_uvular_implosive" title="Voiced uvular implosive">ʛ</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">Voiceless</a>
</th>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_bilabial_implosive" title="Voiceless bilabial implosive">ɓ̥</a></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-norightborder">
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_alveolar_implosive" title="Voiceless alveolar implosive">ɗ̥</a></span>
</td>
<td class="IPA-common-noleftborder">
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_retroflex_implosive" title="Voiceless retroflex implosive">ᶑ̊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_palatal_implosive" title="Voiceless palatal implosive">ʄ̊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_velar_implosive" title="Voiceless velar implosive">ɠ̊</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_uvular_implosive" title="Voiceless uvular implosive">ʛ̥</a></span>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="IPA-common-notes">
<div class="hlist">
<ul><li>IPA help</li>
<li><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="IPA_consonant_chart_with_audio" title="IPA consonant chart with audio"></a></span> <a href="IPA_consonant_chart_with_audio" title="IPA consonant chart with audio">audio</a></li>
<li><a href="International_Phonetic_Alphabet_chart" title="International Phonetic Alphabet chart">full chart</a></li>
<li>template</li></ul>
</div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="display: inline-block;"><b><a href="Co-articulated_consonant" title="Co-articulated consonant">Co-articulated consonants</a></b>
<table role="presentation" class="" style="">
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<div class="nowrap IPA-coarticulated-main IPA-coarticulated-nocaption" style="">
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="Nasal_consonant" title="Nasal consonant">Nasal</a></div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labial%E2%80%93alveolar_nasal" title="Voiced labial–alveolar nasal">n͡m</a></span></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="Labial%E2%80%93coronal_consonant" title="Labial–coronal consonant">Labial–alveolar</a></div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labial%E2%80%93retroflex_nasal" title="Voiced labial–retroflex nasal">ɳ͡m</a></span></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="Labial%E2%80%93retroflex_consonant" title="Labial–retroflex consonant">Labial–retroflex</a></div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_nasal" title="Voiced labial–velar nasal">ŋ͡m</a></span></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="Labial%E2%80%93velar_consonant" title="Labial–velar consonant">Labial–velar</a></div>
</div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="Plosive" title="Plosive">Plosive</a></div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_labial%E2%80%93alveolar_plosive" title="Voiceless labial–alveolar plosive">t͡p</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labial%E2%80%93alveolar_plosive" title="Voiced labial–alveolar plosive">d͡b</a></span></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Labial–alveolar</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_labial%E2%80%93retroflex_plosive" title="Voiceless labial–retroflex plosive">ʈ͡p</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labial%E2%80%93retroflex_plosive" title="Voiced labial–retroflex plosive">ɖ͡b</a></span></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Labial–retroflex</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_labial%E2%80%93velar_plosive" title="Voiceless labial–velar plosive">k͡p</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_plosive" title="Voiced labial–velar plosive">ɡ͡b</a></span></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Labial–velar</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_uvular%E2%80%93epiglottal_plosive" title="Voiceless uvular–epiglottal plosive">q͡ʡ</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="Uvular%E2%80%93epiglottal_consonant" title="Uvular–epiglottal consonant">Uvular–epiglottal</a></div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_labial%E2%80%93uvular_plosive" title="Voiceless labial–uvular plosive">q͡p</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="Labial%E2%80%93uvular_consonant" title="Labial–uvular consonant">Labial–uvular</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="Fricative" title="Fricative">Fricative</a>/<a href="Approximant" title="Approximant">approximant</a></div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_labial%E2%80%93palatal_fricative" title="Voiceless labial–palatal fricative">ɥ̊</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labial%E2%80%93palatal_approximant" title="Voiced labial–palatal approximant">ɥ</a></span></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="Labio-palatalization" title="Labio-palatalization">Labialized palatal</a></div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_labial%E2%80%93velar_fricative" title="Voiceless labial–velar fricative">ʍ</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant" title="Voiced labial–velar approximant">w</a></span></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Labialized velar</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Sj-sound" title="Sj-sound">ɧ</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="Sj-sound" title="Sj-sound"><i>Sj</i>-sound</a> (variable)</div>
</div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="Lateral_consonant" title="Lateral consonant">Lateral</a> approximant</div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Velarized_alveolar_lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Velarized alveolar lateral approximant">ɫ</a></span></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="Velarization" title="Velarization">Velarized</a> alveolar</div>
</div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="Implosive_consonant" title="Implosive consonant">Implosive</a></div>
<div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiceless_labial%E2%80%93velar_implosive" title="Voiceless labial–velar implosive">ɠ̊͜ɓ̥</a></span></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_implosive" title="Voiced labial–velar implosive">ɠ͡ɓ</a></span></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Labial–velar</div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="Ejective_consonant" title="Ejective consonant">Ejective</a></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Labial%E2%80%93alveolar_ejective_stop" title="Labial–alveolar ejective stop">t͡pʼ</a></span></div>
<div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Labial–alveolar</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="IPA-common-notes">
<div class="hlist">
<ul><li>IPA help</li>
<li><a href="International_Phonetic_Alphabet_chart" title="International Phonetic Alphabet chart">full chart</a></li>
<li>template</li></ul>
</div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Nasal_labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant" title="Nasal labial–velar approximant">Nasal labial–velar approximant</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[w̃]</span></li>
<li><a href="Nasal_palatal_approximant" title="Nasal palatal approximant">Nasal palatal approximant</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[j̃]</span></li>
<li><a href="Voiceless_bidental_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless bidental fricative">Voiceless bidental fricative</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[h̪͆]</span></li>
<li><a href="Voiceless_bilabially_post-trilled_dental_stop" title="Voiceless bilabially post-trilled dental stop">Voiceless bilabially post-trilled dental stop</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t̪ʙ̥]</span></li>
<li><a href="Voiceless_nasal_glottal_approximant" title="Voiceless nasal glottal approximant">Voiceless nasal glottal approximant</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[h̃]</span></li>
<li><a href="Voiceless_upper-pharyngeal_plosive" title="Voiceless upper-pharyngeal plosive">Voiceless upper-pharyngeal plosive</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʡ̟]</span></li>
<li><a href="Voiced_upper-pharyngeal_plosive" title="Voiced upper-pharyngeal plosive">Voiced upper-pharyngeal plosive</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʡ̟̬]</span></li>
<li><a href="Bilabial_percussive" class="mw-redirect" title="Bilabial percussive">Bilabial percussive</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʬ]</span></li>
<li><a href="Bidental_percussive" class="mw-redirect" title="Bidental percussive">Bidental percussive</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʭ]</span></li>
<li><a href="Sublaminal_lower-alveolar_percussive" class="mw-redirect" title="Sublaminal lower-alveolar percussive">Sublaminal lower-alveolar percussive</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[¡]</span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Vowels189" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Vowel" title="Vowel">Vowels</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<table role="presentation" class="" style="margin: auto;">
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<table class="nowrap IPA-vowels-main IPA-vowels-nocaption IPA-vowels-noaudio" style="">
<tbody><tr>
<th>
</th>
<th scope="col"><a href="Front_vowel" title="Front vowel">Front</a>
</th>
<th scope="col"><a href="Central_vowel" title="Central vowel">Central</a>
</th>
<th scope="col"><a href="Back_vowel" title="Back vowel">Back</a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Close_vowel" title="Close vowel">Close</a>
</th>
<td class="IPA-vowels-image-cell"><span class="IPA-vowels-image skin-invert notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(-22px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Close_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close front unrounded vowel">i</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Close_front_rounded_vowel" title="Close front rounded vowel">y</a></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(-1px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Close_central_unrounded_vowel" title="Close central unrounded vowel">ɨ</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Close_central_rounded_vowel" title="Close central rounded vowel">ʉ</a></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Close_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Close back unrounded vowel">ɯ</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Close_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close back rounded vowel">u</a></span></span></div></div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="Near-close_vowel" title="Near-close vowel">Near-close</a>
</th>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(40px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel" title="Near-close near-front unrounded vowel">ɪ</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Near-close_near-front_rounded_vowel" title="Near-close near-front rounded vowel">ʏ</a></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(-15px, -1px);"><div></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel" title="Near-close near-back rounded vowel">ʊ</a></span></span></div></div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Close-mid_vowel" title="Close-mid vowel">Close-mid</a>
</th>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front unrounded vowel">e</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front rounded vowel">ø</a></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid central unrounded vowel">ɘ</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Close-mid_central_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid central rounded vowel">ɵ</a></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid back unrounded vowel">ɤ</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid back rounded vowel">o</a></span></span></div></div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="Mid_vowel" title="Mid vowel">Mid</a>
</th>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(42px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid front unrounded vowel">e̞</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Mid_front_rounded_vowel" title="Mid front rounded vowel">ø̞</a></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(32px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Mid_central_vowel" title="Mid central vowel">ə</a></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Mid_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid back unrounded vowel">ɤ̞</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Mid back rounded vowel">o̞</a></span></span></div></div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Open-mid_vowel" title="Open-mid vowel">Open-mid</a>
</th>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(64px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open-mid front unrounded vowel">ɛ</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel" title="Open-mid front rounded vowel">œ</a></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(42px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel" title="Open-mid central unrounded vowel">ɜ</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel" title="Open-mid central rounded vowel">ɞ</a></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Open-mid back unrounded vowel">ʌ</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Open-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Open-mid back rounded vowel">ɔ</a></span></span></div></div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="Near-open_vowel" title="Near-open vowel">Near-open</a>
</th>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(85px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Near-open front unrounded vowel">æ</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div></div></div>
</td>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(53px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Near-open_central_vowel" title="Near-open central vowel">ɐ</a></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Open_vowel" title="Open vowel">Open</a>
</th>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(106px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open front unrounded vowel">a</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Open_front_rounded_vowel" title="Open front rounded vowel">ɶ</a></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(63px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Open_central_unrounded_vowel" title="Open central unrounded vowel">ä</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div></div></div>
</td>
<td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Open_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Open back unrounded vowel">ɑ</a></span></span></div>
<div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div>
<div><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="Open_back_rounded_vowel" title="Open back rounded vowel">ɒ</a></span></span></div></div>
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<ul><li>IPA help</li>
<li><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="IPA_vowel_chart_with_audio" title="IPA vowel chart with audio"></a></span> <a href="IPA_vowel_chart_with_audio" title="IPA vowel chart with audio">audio</a></li>
<li><a href="International_Phonetic_Alphabet_chart" title="International Phonetic Alphabet chart">full chart</a></li>
<li>template</li></ul>
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<p>Legend: <a href="Roundedness" title="Roundedness">unrounded <span style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);">•</span> rounded</a>
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